Dogue De Bordeaux Breed Standard by the AKC
Working Group
General Appearance
The Dogue de Bordeaux is one of the most ancient French breeds. He is a
typical brachycephalic molossoid type. He is a very powerful dog, with
a very muscular body yet retaining a harmonious general outline. Built
rather close to the ground, the distance from the deepest point of the
chest to the ground is slightly less than the depth of the chest. A
massive head with proper proportions and features is an important
characteristic of the breed. His serious expression, stocky and
athletic build, and self assurance make him very imposing. Bitches have
identical characteristics, but less prominent.
Size, Proportion, Substance
The length of the body, measured from the point of the shoulder to the
point of the buttock, is greater than the height at the withers, in the
proportion of 11/10. The depth of the chest is more than half the
height at the withers. Size: Dogs: 23.5-27 inches at the withers -
Bitches: 23-26 inches at the withers. Weight: Dogs at least 110 lbs. -
Bitches at least 99 lbs.
Head
The head is large, angular, broad, and rather short. It is trapezium shaped when viewed from above and in front. Eyes-Oval
and set wide apart. The space between the eyes is equal to about twice
the length of the eye (eye opening). Frank expression. The haw should
not be visible. Color: hazel to dark brown for a dog with a black mask,
lighter color tolerated but not sought after in dogs with either a
brown mask or without a mask. Fault: Protruding eyes. Ears-The
ear is small in proportion to the skull and of a slightly darker color
than the coat. The front of the ears’ base is slightly raised. They
should fall back, but not hang limply. The front edge of the ear is
close to the cheek when the dog is attentive. The tip is slightly
rounded, and should not reach beyond the eye. Set rather high, at the
level of the upper line of the skull, thus emphasizing the skull width
even more. Skull-Back Skull in the male: The
perimeter of the skull measured at the point of its greatest width
corresponds roughly to the height at the withers. In bitches it may be
slightly less. Its volume and shape are the result of the spacing of
the lower jaw bones, and the very well developed temporal area,
upper-orbital area, and zygomatic arches. The cheeks are prominent due
to the very strong development of the muscles. The skull is slightly
rounded from one side to the other. The frontal groove is deep. The
forehead, characterized by well developed eyebrows, dominates the face.
However the skull is still wider than high. The head is furrowed with
symmetrical wrinkles on each side of the median groove. These deep
ropes of wrinkle are mobile depending on whether the dog is attentive
or not. Stop-The stop is very pronounced, almost forming a right angle with the muzzle (95 to 100 degrees). Fault: Extreme characteristics such as a very short muzzle, flat skull and a swollen fold behind the nose. Muzzle-Powerful,
broad, thick, and rather short. Should not be fleshy below the eyes.
When viewed in profile, the foreface is very slightly concave with
moderately obvious folds. Its width decreases only slightly from the
root of the muzzle to the tip. When viewed from above it has the
general shape of a square. When viewed from the side, the top lines of
the skull and muzzle form an angle that converges at, or near the end
of the muzzle. When the head is held horizontally, the end of the
muzzle, which is truncated, thick and broad at the base, is in front of
a vertical tangent to the front of the nose (The nose is slightly set
back from the front of the muzzle.). Its perimeter is almost two thirds
of that of the head. Its length varies between one third and one
quarter of the total length of the head, measured from the nose to the
occipital crest. The ideal length of the muzzle is between these two
extremes. Nose-Broad, with well opened nostrils. Self colored according to the color of the mask. Slightly upturned permissible. Upper lip-Thick,
moderately pendulous yet retractile. When viewed in profile it shows a
rounded lower line and covers the lower jaw on the sides. When viewed
from the front, the edge of the upper lip is in contact with the lower
lip, and drops on either side thus forming an inverse, wide V. Jaws-Very
powerful, and broad. Undershot so that there is no contact between the
upper and lower incisors. The lower jaw curves upwards. The chin is
very pronounced and should neither overlap the upper lip exaggeratedly
nor be covered by it. Disqualification: Mouth not undershot; wry jaw. Bite-Undershot. Fault: Incisors constantly visible when the mouth is closed. Severe Fault: Canines constantly visible when the mouth is closed. Teeth-Strong,
particularly the canines. Lower, canines set wide apart and slightly
curved. Incisors well aligned especially in the lower jaw where they
form a straight line. Severe Fault: Long narrow head with
insufficiently pronounced stop, with a muzzle measuring more than a
third of the total length of the head (lack of type in head).
Neck, Topline and Body
Neck-Very strong and muscular, almost
cylindrical. The skin is supple, ample and loose. The average
circumference almost equals that of the head. There is a noticeable,
slightly convex, furrow at the junction of the head and neck. The
well-defined dewlap starts at the level of the throat forming folds
down to the chest, without hanging exaggeratedly. The neck is very
broad at its base, merging smoothly with the shoulders. Topline-Solid with a broad and muscular back, withers well marked, broad loin, rather short and solid. Chest-Powerful,
long, deep, broad, and let down lower than the elbows. The forechest is
broad and powerful with a lower line that is convex towards the bottom.
The ribcage is deep and well sprung, but not barrel shaped. The
circumference of the chest should be between 10 and 12 inches greater
than the height at the withers. Underline-Curved, from the deep brisket to the firm abdomen. Slight to moderate tuck-up. Should be neither pendulous nor extreme. Croup-Moderately sloping down to the root of the tail. Tail-Very
thick at the base. The tip preferably reaches the hock but not below.
Carried low, it is neither broken nor kinked but supple. Hanging when
the dog is in repose; generally carried level with the back or slightly
above the level of the back when the dog is in action, without curving
over the back or being curled. Fault: Fused vertebrae but not kinked. Disqualification: An atrophied tail or a tail that is knotted and laterally deviated or twisted.
Forequarters
Strong bone structure, legs very muscular. Shoulders-Powerful,
prominent muscles. Slant of shoulder-blade is medium (about 45 degrees
to the horizontal), with the angle of the scapular-humeral articulation
being a little more than 90 degrees. Arms-Very muscular. Elbows-In line with the body. Should be neither too close to the chest nor turned out. Forearms-When
viewed from the front, straight or inclining slightly inwards,
especially in dogs with a very broad chest. When viewed in profile,
vertical. Pasterns-Powerful. Slightly
sloping when viewed in profile. When viewed from the front, may bend
slightly outwards, thus compensating for the slight inclination of the
forearm inwards. Feet-Strong. Toes should be
tight, nails curved and strong, and pads well developed and supple; the
Dogue is well up on his toes despite his weight.
Hindquarters
Powerful legs with strong bone structure; well angulated. When viewed
from behind, the hindquarters are parallel and vertical thus giving an
impression of power. The hindquarters are not quite as broad as the
forequarters. Thigh-Well developed and thick with visible muscles. Stifle-In a parallel plane to the median plane or slightly out. Second Thigh-Relatively short, well muscled. Hock Joint-Short and sinewy, with the angle of the hock joint moderately open. Hock-Strong, no dewclaws. Hind feet-Slightly longer than the front feet, toes should be tight.
Coat
Fine, short and soft to the touch. Skin-Thick and sufficiently loose fitting.
Color
Coat-Self-colored, in all shades of fawn,
from a dark red fawn to a light fawn. A rich coat color is considered
desirable. Limited white patches are permissible on the chest and the
extremities of the limbs. Fault: White on the tip of the tail, or on the front part of the forelegs above the carpus and the tarsus. Disqualification: White on the head or body, or any coat color other than shades of fawn.
Black Mask: The mask is often only slightly spread out and should not
invade the cranial region. There may be slight black shading on the
skull, ears, neck and back. Pigmentation of the nose will be black.
Brown Mask: Pigmentation of the nose and eye rims will also be brown.
No Mask: The coat is fawn: the skin appears red (also formerly called
"red mask"). The nose is then reddish or pink.
Gait
The gait is quite supple for a molossoid. In open walking the movement
is free, supple, close to the ground. Good drive from the hindquarters,
good extension of the forelegs, especially at the trot, which is the
preferred gait. As the trot quickens, the head tends to drop, the
topline inclines towards the front, and the front feet get closer to
the median plane while striding out with a long reaching movement.
Vertical movement while in a short gallop is rather important. He is
capable of great speed over short distances by bolting along close to
the ground.
Temperament
Dogue de Bordeaux is gifted for guarding, which he assumes with
vigilance and great courage but without aggressiveness. He is a very
good companion, being attached to and affectionate toward his master.
He is calm and balanced with a high stimulus threshold. The male
normally has a dominant character.
The foregoing is a description of the ideal Dogue de Bordeaux. Any deviation should be penalized in direct proportion to the extent of that deviation. Extreme deviation in any part should be penalized to the extent that the dog is effectively eliminated from competition.
Disqualifications
- Mouth not undershot; wry jaw.
- An atrophied tail or a tail that is knotted and laterally deviated or twisted.
- White on the head or body, or any coat color other than shades of fawn.
Approved October 9, 2007
